The spiral of platinum glows because the oxidation of ammonia is
an exothermic process. The faster the reaction proceeds, the faster heat is
produced on the catalyst surface. If this is faster than the spiral can radiate
it away, the spiral will heat up. The small explosions in the flask,
which produce yellow flames, become cyclic – the spiral glows, the mixture
explodes, cooling the spiral which then heats up until a further explosion
occurs.
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4NH3 (g) + 5O2 (g) --> 4NO (g) + 6H2O (l) | ||
ammonia + oxygen --> nitrogen monoxide + water | ||
| ||
2NO (g) + O2 (g) --> 2NO2 (g) | ||
nitrogen monoxide + oxygen <--> nitrogen dioxide | ||
| ||
2NO2 (g) + H2O (g) -->HNO2 (aq) + HNO3 (aq) | ||
nitrogen dioxide + water --> nitrous acid + nitric acid | ||
| ||
4NO2 (g) + 2H2O (g) + O2 (g) --> 4HNO3 (aq) | ||
nitrogen dioxide + water + oxygen --> nitric acid | ||
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